Peter B. Armentrout
Distinguished Professor (b. 1953)
University of Utah, Department of Chemistry,

315 S. 1400 E. Rm. 2020
Salt Lake City, UT 84112-0850
Phone : (801) 581 - 7885, Lab (801) 581 - 7901
Fax: (801) 581-8433
E-Mail : armentrout@chem.utah.edu

Field of Interest : Physical, Analytical, and Organometallic Chemistry

Education/Awards


 


Table of Contents


 

Research Interests

Dr. Armentrout's research is intended to provide a detailed understanding of the thermochemistry, kinetics, and dynamics of simple and complex chemical reactions. Of particular interest is elucidation of the intrinsic reactivity and thermochemistry of transition metals, metal-ligand complexes, metal-clusters, solvated ions, metallated macrocycles and metallated molecules of biological and environmental relevance. His group seeks to understand from a fundamental viewpoint reactions involved in catalysis, surface chemistry, organometallic chemistry, and plasma chemistry. Measurement of integral cross sections, product branching ratios, and the dependence of these quantities on the translational, internal, and electronic energies of the reactants provide a uniquely detailed look at the chemistry of interest. Spectroscopic experiments augment these studies by providing even more microscopic information. Techniques involved include mass spectrometry, ion beams, molecular beams, and laser spectroscopy. Specific areas of interest include :

Chemistry of state-selected atomic metal ions

Transition metals have an abundance of low-lying electronic states due to the near degeneracy of s and d orbitals. We have shown that different electronic states can have very different reactivity and that studies of these effects lend considerable insight into metal chemistry. Previous studies have involved mostly first row transition metal ions, however, we are developing a novel laser-based source that should permit such studies to be extended to second and third row transition metals where spin-orbit interactions become much more important.

Chemistry of unsaturated organometallic complexes

In order to understand condensed phase organometallic chemistry and homogeneous catalysis, systematic studies of the reactivity of ligated metals are underway. By varying the number and types of ligands in these complexes, we can study the periodic trends, the influence of ligand substitution, and the effects of metal oxidation state on the chosen reaction. Such studies hold promise of providing quantitative thermodynamic information and qualitative electronic data on reactive and transient unsaturated organometallic complexes, the key intermediates in homogeneous catalysis.

Thermochemistry of metal ions interacting with biological molecules

We are now in a position to study the interactions of metals ions with molecules of biological relevance. Early studies include some of the first quantitative measurements of the binding energies of Li+, Na+, and K+ with the DNA bases and amino acids.

Environmental Chemistry

In a collaborative study with theoreticians and experimentalists at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratories, we are conducting studies to examine the thermochemistry and dissociation dynamics of host-guest complexes of interest in environmental clean up. We seek to answer a key question with respect to engineering ion-selective ligands: namely, how to arrange donor atoms to interact favorably with a selected target ion and at the same time unfavorably with other ions. Previous work has concentrated on exploring the interactions of alkali metal ions with crown ethers and related molecules. Plans for continued work expand the range of metals and ligands under consideration.

Chemistry of metal cluster ions

By using laser vaporization, supersonic expansion techniques, we are able to generate cold transition metal cluster ions. Mass spectrometry then allows the size-specific reactivity of these clusters to be investigated easily. Our experiments enable us to measure the thermodynamic stabilities of these clusters and their reactivity with a variety of molecules. In essence, these studies constitute a gas-phase approach to providing quantitative data conerning surface chemistry and heterogeneous catalysis.

Chemistry of solvated ions

Gas phase solvated ions are important species in the atmosphere and in aerosols. Further, solvated ions can provide a bridge between phenomena in condensed phases and the gas phase. By performing detailed experiments on such species, we hope to obtain quantitative information that cannot be obtained easily in condensed phase media.

Laser spectroscopy

In collaboration with Prof. M. D. Morse, we are using resonantly enhanced multi-photon (REMP) laser spectroscopy coupled with pulsed field ionization (PFI/ZEKE) spectroscopy to study small transition metal cluster ions and ligated metal ions. Such work should provide detailed molecular information about the neutrals and ions.

Threshold behavior and non-adiabatic effects: theory and experiments

Much of the information gleaned from our work relies on accurately measuring the kinetic energy dependence of a reaction. Theoretical understanding of the variation in cross sections with energy is not well established. We are interested in developing theoretical models for such behavior by careful experimental characterization of the effects of translational, rotational, and vibrational energy on reactions, with a recent emphasis on collision-induced dissociation. The analysis includes detailed application of statistical phase space theories, reaction dynamics, and consideration of non-adiabatic effects.

 


Most Recent Publications

 


"A Thermodynamic "Vocabulary" for Metal Ion Interactions in Biological Systems" Rodgers, M. T.; Armentrout, P. B. Accts. Chem. Res. 2004, 37, 989-998.

"Sequential Bond Energies of Water to Sodium Glycine Cation" Ye, S.J.; Moision, R. M.; Armentrout, P. B. Int. J. Mass Spectrom. 2005, 240, 233-248. 

"Guided Ion Beam and Theoretical Study of the Reactions of Ir+ with H2, D2, and HD" Li, F.-X.; Zhang, X.-G.; Armentrout, P. B. J. Phys. Chem. B 2005, 109, 8350-8357. 

"Heats of Formation of Co(CO)2NOPR3, R = CH3 and C2H5, and Its Ionic Fragments" Gengeliczki, Z.; Sztáray, B.; Baer, T.; Iceman, C.; Armentrout, P. B. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2005, 127, 9393-9402.

"Sequential bond energies of Fe+(CO2)n, n = 1 - 5, determined by threshold collision-induced dissociation and ab initio theory" Armentrout, P. B.; Koizumi, H.; McKenna, M. J. Phys. Chem A 2005, 109, 11365-11375.

"Guided-Ion Beam and Theoretical Study of the Potential Energy Surface for Activation of Methane by W+" Armentrout, P. B.; Shin, S.; Liyanage, R. J. Phys. Chem A 2006, 110, 1242-1260.

"Gas-phase thermochemistry of the early cationic transition-metal sulfides of the second row: YS+, ZrS+, and NbS+" Kretzschmar, I.; Schröder, D.; Schwarz, H.; Armentrout, P. B. Int. J. Mass Spectrom. 2006, 249-250, 263-278. 

"Thermochemistry of the Activation of N2 on Iron Cluster Cations: Guided ion beam studies of the reactions of Fen+ (n = 1 - 19) with N2" Tan, L.; Liu, F.; Armentrout, P. B. J. Chem. Phys. 2006, 124, 084302-1-14. 

"The Special Five-Membered Ring of Proline: An Experimental and Theoretical Investigation of Alkali Metal Cation Interactions with Proline and Its Four- and Six-Membered Ring Analogues" Moision, R. M.; Armentrout, P. B. J. Phys. Chem. A 2006, 110, 3933-3946.

 

 

 

Short Biography – Peter B. Armentrout

 

 

Professor Armentrout was born in Dayton, Ohio on March 13, 1953. He received a B.S. degree with highest honors in 1975 from Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio. While at Case, Prof. Armentrout conducted research with Prof. Rob Dunbar on photodissociation spectroscopy of molecular ions which led to his interest in ion-molecule chemistry. After bicycling to California during the summer of 1975, he joined Prof. Jack Beauchamp at Caltech where he was awarded the Blanche A. Mowrer Memorial Fellowship. At Caltech, he constructed an ion beam apparatus designed to study the hyperthermal reactivity of atomic uranium and other metal ions; work which comprised his Ph.D. thesis, awarded in 1980. That January, Prof. Armentrout became a postdoctoral member of staff at Bell Labs in Murray Hill, New Jersey, working with Dr. Robert S. Freund. There he studied electron impact ionization of metastable atoms and molecules.

 

In July of 1981, Prof. Armentrout became an assistant professor at the University of California at Berkeley. He initiated a program which has come to study a wide spectrum of chemistries (primarily of transition metal species) by using ion-beam mass spectrometry. While at Berkeley, he was awarded a Camille and Henry Dreyfus Grant for Newly Appointed Faculty in Chemistry (1981), a NSF Presidential Young Investigator Award in its inception year (1984), and an Alfred P. Sloan Research Fellowship (1986). In 1987, he joined the faculty at the University of Utah as an associate professor where he was awarded a Camille and Henry Dreyfus Teacher-Scholar Grant (1987). In 1989, he was promoted to full professor. He has been recognized at Utah with an Outstanding Undergraduate Teaching Award from the Chemistry Department (1989) and the University-wide Distinguished Research Award (1994). He was the recipient of the Buck-Whitney Award from the American Chemical Society Eastern New York Section (1993) and in 1997, the graduate students at the Ohio State University Department of Chemistry selected Professor Armentrout as their Mack Memorial Award Lecturer. In 1998, he was promoted to Distinguished Professor of Chemistry and named Cannon Fellow in 2003.  He received the Biemann Medal from the American Society of Mass Spectrometry in 2001 and the Utah Award of Chemistry from the Utah Sections of the American Chemical Society in 2003.

 

Professor Armentrout is a member of the editorial boards of the Journal of Physical Chemistry, the Journal of Chemical Physics, and the International Journal of Mass Spectrometry and Ion Processes, and formerly of the Journal of the American Chemical Society, Organometallics, and the Journal of Cluster Science (charter member). He is a member of the American Chemical Society, American Physical Society (fellow), American Society for Mass Spectrometry, and the American Association for the Advancement of Science (fellow). He presently has over 350 research publications that have appeared in the literature. Twenty-four students have received their Ph.D.s with Professor Armentrout.

 

In 1983, he married his high school sweetheart, Mary Ann White. They have three children, Matthew, Patricia, and Erin.

 

 

 

Publications – P.B. Armentrout

 

 

1.       "Laser Photodissociation of Ions in a Bendix Time‑of‑Flight Mass Spectrometer" Dunbar, R. C.; Armentrout, P. B. Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Phys. 1977, 24, 465‑468.

 

2.       "Endothermic Reactions of Uranium Ions with N2, D2 and CD4" Armentrout, P. B.; Hodges, R. V.; Beauchamp, J. L. J. Chem. Phys. 1977, 66, 4683‑4688.

 

3.       "Metal Atoms as Super Bases:  The Gas Phase Proton Affinity of Uranium" Armentrout, P. B.; Hodges, R. V.; Beauchamp, J. L. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1977, 99, 3162‑3163.

 

4.       "Rare Gas Molecular Ions:  Formation of XeF+ by Ion‑Molecule Reactions in Xe and NF3 and Evidence for Radiative Deactivation of Xe+(2P1/2)" Armentrout, P. B.; Berman, D. W.; Beauchamp, J. L. Chem. Phys. Lett. 1978, 53, 255‑259.

 

5.       "Gas Phase Organometallic Chemistry.  Reactions of Al+ with Alkyl Halides" Hodges, R. V.; Armentrout, P. B.; Beauchamp, J. L. Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Phys. 1979, 29, 375‑390.

 

6.       "Properties and Reactions of Uranium (IV) Tetrahydroborate by Ion Cyclotron Mass Spectrometry" Armentrout, P. B.; Beauchamp, J. L. Inorg. Chem. 1979, 18, 1349‑1353.

 

7.       "Ion Beam Studies of Organometallic Chemistry.  High Energy "Sampling" of Reaction Intermediates Involved in Carbon‑Carbon Bond Cleavage by Transition Metals" Armentrout, P. B.; Beauchamp, J. L. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1980, 102, 1736‑1738.

 

8.       "Experimental and Theoretical Studies of the Reaction Ba+ (D2, D) BaD+: Sequential Impulse Model for Endothermic Reactions" Armentrout, P. B.; Beauchamp, J. L. Chem. Phys. 1980, 48, 315‑320.

 

9.       "Collision Induced Dissociation of UO+ and UO2+" Armentrout, P. B.; Beauchamp, J. L. Chem. Phys. 1980, 50, 21‑25.

 

10.     "Reactions of U+ and UO+ with O2, CO, CO2, COS, CS2 and D2O" Armentrout, P. B.; Beauchamp, J. L. Chem. Phys. 1980, 50, 27‑36.

 

11.     "Endothermic Reactions of Ni+ with H2, HD and D2" Armentrout, P. B.; Beauchamp, J. L. Chem. Phys. 1980, 50, 37‑43.

 

12.     "Cobalt Carbene Ion:  Reactions of Co+ with C2H4, cyclo‑C3H6 and cyclo‑C2H4O" Armentrout, P. B.; Beauchamp, J. L. J. Chem. Phys. 1981, 74, 2819‑2826.

 

13.     "Ion Beam Studies of the Reactions of Atomic Cobalt Ions with Alkanes: Determination of Metal‑Hydrogen and Metal‑Carbon Bond Energies and an Examination of the Mechanism by which Transition Metals Cleave Carbon‑Carbon Bonds" Armentrout, P. B.; Beauchamp, J. L. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1981, 103, 784‑791.

 

14.     "Formation of Chromium Carbene Ions by Reaction of Electronically Excited Chromium Ions with Methane in the Gas Phase" Halle, L. F.; Armentrout, P. B.; Beauchamp, J. L. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1981, 103, 962‑963.

 

15.     "Electron Impact Ionization Cross Section of Metastable N2(A3Su+)" Armentrout, P. B.; Tarr, S. M.; Dori, A.; Freund, R. S. J. Chem. Phys. 1981, 75, 2786‑2794.

 

16.     "Ion Beam Studies of the Reactions of Atomic Cobalt Ions with Alkenes" Armentrout, P. B.; Halle, L. F.; Beauchamp, J. L. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1981, 103, 6624‑6628.

 

17.     "Ion Beam Studies of the Reactions of Atomic Cobalt Ions with Cycloalkanes in the Gas Phase:  Formation and Decomposition of Chemically Activated Metallacycles" Armentrout, P. B.; Beauchamp, J. L. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1981, 103, 6628‑6632.

 

18.     "Periodic Trends in Transition Metal‑Hydrogen, Metal‑Carbon, and Metal‑Oxygen Bond Dissociation Energies.  Correlation with Reactivity and Electronic Structure" Armentrout, P. B.; Halle, L. F.; Beauchamp, J. L. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1981, 103, 6501‑6502.

 

19.     "Thermochemistry of Uranium Halide Ions:  Reactions of U+ with CH3F, SiF4, CH3Cl and CCl4" Armentrout, P. B.; Beauchamp, J. L. J. Phys. Chem. 1981, 85, 4103‑4105.

 

20.     "Reactions of Cr+, Mn+, Fe+, Co+ and Ni+ with O2 and N2O.  Examination of the Translational Energy Dependence of the Cross Sections of Endothermic Reactions" Armentrout, P. B.; Halle, L. F.; Beauchamp, J. L. J. Chem. Phys. 1982, 76, 2449‑2457.

 

21.     "Ion Beam Studies of the Reactions of Group 8 Metal Ions with Alkanes:  Correlation of Thermochemical Properties and Reactivity" Halle, L. F.; Armentrout, P. B.; Beauchamp, J. L. Organometallics 1982, 1, 963‑968.

 

22.     "Metal Cluster Ions:  The Bond Energy of Mn2+" Ervin, K.; Loh, S. K.; Aristov, N.; Armentrout, P. B. J. Phys. Chem. 1983, 87, 3593‑3596.

 

23.     "Fluorine Substituent Effects on Metal‑Carbene Bond Dissociation Energies. Implications for Metathesis Reactions of Fluorinated Olefins" Halle, L. F.; Armentrout, P. B.; Beauchamp, J. L. Organometallics 1983, 2, 1829‑1833.

 

24.     "Carbon and Oxygen Isotope Fractionation in Dense Interstellar Clouds" Langer, W. D.; Graedel, T. E.; Frerking, M. A.; Armentrout, P. B. Astrophys. J. 1984, 277, 581‑604.

 

25.     "Transition Metal Cluster Chemistry:  Reactions of Mn2+ with O2" Armentrout, P. B.; Loh, S. K.; Ervin, K. M. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1984, 106, 1161‑1163.

 

26.     "Threshold Behavior of Endothermic Reactions: C+(2P) + H2 6 CH+ + H" Ervin, K. M.; Armentrout, P. B. J. Chem. Phys. 1984, 80, 2978‑2980.

 

27.     "Bond Energy ‑ Bond Order Relations in Transition Metal Bonds: Vanadium" Aristov, N.; Armentrout, P. B. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1984, 106, 4065‑4066.

 

28.     "Threshold Behavior for Chemical Reactions:  Line‑of‑Centers Cross Section for Si+(2P) + H2 ® SiH+ + H" Elkind, J. L.; Armentrout, P. B. J. Phys. Chem. 1984, 88, 5454‑5456.

 

29.     "Reactions of Atomic Cobalt Ions with Aldehydes and Ketones.  Observation of Decarbonylation Processes Leading to Formation of Metal Alkyls and Metallacycles in the Gas Phase" Halle, L. F.; Crowe, W. E.; Armentrout, P. B.; Beauchamp, J. L. Organometallics 1984, 3, 1694‑1706.

 

30.     "Translational Energy Dependence of Ar+ + XY ® ArX+ + Y (XY = H2, D2, HD) from Thermal to 30 eV c.m." Ervin, K. M.; Armentrout, P. B. J. Chem. Phys. 1985, 83, 166‑189.

 

31.     "Effect of Kinetic and Electronic Energy on the Reaction of V+ with H2, HD and D2" Elkind, J. L.; Armentrout, P. B. J. Phys. Chem. 1985, 89, 5626‑5636.

 

32.     "Kinetic Energy Dependence of Al+ + O2 ® AlO+ + O" Weber, M. E.; Elkind, J. L.; Armentrout, P. B. J. Chem. Phys. 1986, 84, 1521‑1529.

 

33.     "Reaction Mechanisms and Thermochemistry of V+ + C2H2p (p = 1,2,3)" Aristov, N.; Armentrout, P. B. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1986, 108, 1806‑1819.

 

34.     "Effect of Kinetic and Electronic Energy on the Reactions of Mn+ with H2, HD and D2" Elkind, J. L.; Armentrout, P. B. J. Chem. Phys. 1986, 84, 4862‑4871.

 

35.     "Neutral and Ionic Metal Methyl Bond Energies: Zn" Georgiadis, R.; Armentrout, P. B. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1986, 108, 2119‑2126.

 

36.     "Transition Metal Hydride Bond Energies: First and Second Row" Elkind, J. L.; Armentrout, P. B. Inorg. Chem. 1986, 25, 1078‑1080.

 

37.     "Does Ground State Fe+ React with H2?" Elkind, J. L.; Armentrout, P. B. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1986, 108, 2765‑2767.

 

38.     "C+(2P) + H2(D2,HD) ® CH+(CD+) + H(D): I. Reaction Cross Sections and Kinetic Isotope Effects from Threshold to 15 eV c.m." Ervin, K. M.; Armentrout, P. B. J. Chem. Phys. 1986, 84, 6738‑6749.

 

39.     "C+(2P) + H2(D2,HD) ® CH+(CD+) + H(D): II. Statistical Phase Space Theory" Ervin, K. M.; Armentrout, P. B. J. Chem. Phys. 1986, 84, 6750‑6760.

 

40.     "Transition Metal Cluster Ion Chemistry" Armentrout, P. B. In Laser Applications in Chemistry and Biophysics, El‑Sayed, M., Ed.; Proc. SPIE 1986, 620, 38‑45.

 

41.     "A Continuous Source for Production of Cold, Mass‑Selected Transition Metal Cluster Ions" Loh, S. K.; Hales, D. A.; Armentrout, P. B. Chem. Phys. Lett. 1986, 129, 527‑532.

 

42.     "Collision Induced Dissociation of Vanadium Monoxide Ion" Aristov, N.; Armentrout, P. B. J. Phys. Chem. 1986, 90, 5135‑5140.

 

43.     "Effect of Kinetic and Electronic Energy on the Reactions of Fe+ with H2, HD and D2: State‑Specific Cross Sections for Fe+(6D) and Fe+(4F)" Elkind, J. L.; Armentrout, P. B. J. Phys. Chem. 1986, 90, 5736‑5745.

 

44.     "Effect of Kinetic and Electronic Energy on the Reactions of Co+, Ni+ and Cu+ with H2, HD and D2" Elkind, J. L.; Armentrout, P. B. J. Phys. Chem. 1986, 90, 6576‑6586.

 

45.     "Spin‑orbit State‑selected Reactions of Kr+(2P3/2 and 2P1/2) with H2, D2, and HD from Thermal Energies to 20 eV c.m." Ervin, K. M.; Armentrout, P. B. J. Chem. Phys. 1986, 85, 6380‑6395.

 

46.     "Reaction of Scandium Ions with Ethane.  First and Second Hydride‑Scandium Ion Bond Energies" Sunderlin, L.; Aristov, N.; Armentrout, P. B. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1987, 109, 78‑89.

 

47.     "Kinetic Energy Dependence of Ion‑Molecule Reactions:  From Triatomics to Transition Metals" Armentrout, P. B. In Structure/Reactivity and Thermochemistry of Ions, Ausloos, P.; Lias, S. G., Eds.; D. Reidel: Dordrecht, 1987; pp. 97‑164.

 

48.     "Effect of Kinetic and Electronic Energy on the Reactions of Cr+ with H2, HD and D2" Elkind, J. L.; Armentrout, P. B. J. Chem. Phys. 1987, 86, 1868‑1877.

 

49.     "Translational Energy Dependence of O+(4S) + N2 ® NO+ + N from Thermal to 30 eV c.m." Burley, J. D.; Ervin, K. M.; Armentrout, P. B. J. Chem. Phys. 1987, 86, 1944‑1953.

 

50.     "Energy Dependence, Kinetic Isotope Effects, and Thermochemistry of the Nearly Thermoneutral Reactions N+(3P) + H2(HD, D2) ® NH+(ND+) + H(D)" Ervin, K. M.; Armentrout, P. B. J. Chem. Phys. 1987, 86, 2659‑2673.

 

51.     "State‑specific Reactions of Atomic Transition Metal Ions with H2, HD and D2: Effects of d Orbitals on Chemistry" Elkind, J. L.; Armentrout, P. B. J. Phys. Chem. 1987, 91, 2037‑2045.

 

52.     "Hydrogen Atom Transfer Reactions of He+ and Ne+ with H2, D2, and HD" Ervin, K. M.; Armentrout, P. B. J. Chem. Phys. 1987, 86, 6240‑6250.

 

53.     "Reaction of Silicon Ion (2P) with Silane (SiH4, SiD4).  Heats of Formation of SiHn, SiHn+ (n = 1, 2, 3) and Si2Hn+ (n = 0, 1, 2, 3).  Remarkable Isotope Exchange Reaction Involving Four Hydrogen Shifts."  Boo, B. H.; Armentrout, P. B. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1987, 109, 3549‑3559.

 

54.     "Multiphoton Ionization of VOCl3" Georgiadis, R.; Armentrout, P. B. Chem. Phys. Lett. 1987, 137, 144‑148.

 

55.     "Non‑Adiabatic Behavior of a Transition Metal System:  Exothermic Reactions of Fe+(6D, 4F) and Propane" Schultz, R. H.; Armentrout, P. B. J. Phys. Chem. 1987, 91, 4433‑4435.

 

56.     "Energetics and Reaction Mechanisms of Reactions of SiH+ + D2, SiD+ + H2, and Collision Induced Dissociation of SiD3+" Boo, B. H.; Armentrout, P. B. J. Phys. Chem. 1987, 91, 5777‑5781.

 

57.     "Methane Activation by V+: Electronic and Translational Energy Dependence" Aristov, N.; Armentrout, P. B. J. Phys. Chem. 1987, 91, 6178‑6188.

 

58.     "Translational Energy Dependence of O+(4S) + H2(D2, HD) ® OH+(OD+) + H(D) from Thermal to 30 eV c.m." Burley, J. D.; Ervin, K. M.; Armentrout, P. B. Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Processes 1987, 80, 153‑175.

 

59.     "Electronic Effects in C‑H and C‑C Bond Activation: State‑specific Reactions of Fe+(6D, 4F) with Methane, Ethane and Propane" Schultz, R. H.; Elkind, J. L.; Armentrout, P. B. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1988, 110, 411‑423.

 

60.     "Methane Activation by Ti+: Electronic and Translational Energy Dependence" Sunderlin, L. S.; Armentrout, P. B. J. Phys. Chem. 1988, 92, 1209‑1219.

 

61.     "Effect of Kinetic and Electronic Energy on the Reactions of Ti+ with H2, HD and D2" Elkind, J. L.; Armentrout, P. B. Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Processes 1988, 83, 259‑284.

 

62.     "Energetics and Dynamics in the Reaction of Si+ with SiF4. Thermochemistry of SiFx and SiFx+ (x = 1, 2, 3)" Weber, M. E.; Armentrout, P. B. J. Chem. Phys. 1988, 88, 6898‑6910.

 

63.     "Kinetic Energy Dependence of C+(2P) + O2 from Thermal Energies to 35 eV c.m." Burley, J. D.; Armentrout, P. B. Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Processes 1988, 84, 157‑184.

 

64.     "Collision‑Induced Dissociation Processes of Nb4+ and Fe4+:  Fission vs. Evaporation" Loh, S. K.; Lian, L.; Hales, D. A.; Armentrout, P. B. J. Chem. Phys. 1988, 89, 610‑611, 3378‑3379.

 

65.     "Collision‑Induced Dissociation of Fe2+" Loh, S. K.; Lian, L.; Hales, D. A.; Armentrout, P. B. J. Phys. Chem. 1988, 92, 4009‑4012.

 

66.     "Periodic Trends in Gas Phase M‑H and M‑C Bond Energies" Armentrout, P. B.; Georgiadis, R. Polyhedron 1988, 7, 1573‑1581.

 

67.     "Energy Dependences of Ion‑Molecule Reactions" Armentrout, P. B. Comments Atomic Molec. Phys. 1988, 22, 133‑144.

 

68.     "Kinetic Energy Dependence of the Reactions of Ca+ and Zn+ with H2, D2, and HD.  Effect of Empty versus Full d Orbitals" Georgiadis, R.; Armentrout, P. B. J. Phys. Chem. 1988, 92, 7060‑7067.

 

69.     "Translational and Electronic Energy Dependence of Chromium Ion Reactions with Methane" Georgiadis, R.; Armentrout, P. B. J. Phys. Chem. 1988, 92, 7067‑7074.

 

70.     "Spin‑Orbit State‑selected Reactions of Xe+(2P3/2 and 2P1/2) with H2, D2, and HD" Ervin, K. M.; Armentrout; P. B. J. Chem. Phys. 1989, 90, 118‑126.

 

71.     "Reactions of Ar+, Ne+, and He+ with SiF4 from Thermal Energy to 50 eV c.m." Weber, M. E.; Armentrout, P. B. J. Chem. Phys. 1989, 90, 2213‑2224.

 

72.     "Energetics and Mechanisms in the Reaction of Si+ with SiCl4.  Thermochemistry of SiCl, SiCl+, and SiCl2+" Weber, M. E.; Armentrout, P. B. J. Phys. Chem. 1989, 93, 1596‑1604.

 

73.     "Reactions of Atomic Metal Ions with H2, CH4, and C2H6:  Electronic Requirements for H‑H, C‑H, and C‑C Bond Activation" Armentrout, P. B. In Gas Phase Inorganic Chemistry, Russell, D. H., Ed.; Plenum: New York, 1989; pp. 1‑42.

 

74.     "Periodic Trends in Chemical Reactivity: Reactions of Sc+, Y+, La+, and Lu+ with H2, D2, and HD" Elkind, J. L.; Sunderlin, L. S.; Armentrout, P. B. J. Phys. Chem. 1989, 93, 3151‑3158. 

 

75.     "State‑Specific Reactions of Fe+(6D, 4F) with O2 and cyclo‑C2H4O:  Do0(Fe+‑O) and Effects of Collisional Relaxation" Loh, S. K.; Fisher, E. R.; Lian, L.; Schultz, R. H.; Armentrout, P. B. J. Phys. Chem. 1989, 93, 3159‑3167.

 

76.     "Collision‑Induced Dissociation of Niobium Cluster Ions: Transition Metal Cluster Binding Energies" Loh, S. K.; Lian, L.; Armentrout, P. B. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1989, 111, 3167‑3176.

 

77.     "Collision‑Induced Dissociation of Fen+ (n = 2 ‑ 10) with Xe:  Ionic and Neutral Iron Cluster Binding Energies" Loh, S. K.; Hales, D. A.; Lian, L.; Armentrout, P. B. J. Chem. Phys. 1989, 90, 5466‑5485. 

 

78.     "Periodic Trends in Chemical Reactivity: Reactions of Sc+, Y+, La+, and Lu+ with Methane and Ethane" Sunderlin, L. S.; Armentrout, P. B. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1989, 111, 3845‑3855.

 

79.     "Reactions of Ground State Cr+ with C2H6, C2H4, cyclo‑C3H6, and cyclo‑C2H4O:  Bond Energies for CrCHn+ (n = 1‑3)" Georgiadis, R.; Armentrout, P. B. Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Processes 1989, 89, 227‑247.

 

80.     "Neutral and Ionic Metal‑Hydrogen and Metal‑Carbon Bond Energies: Reactions of Co+, Ni+, and Cu+ with Ethane, Propane, Methylpropane, and Dimethylpropane" Georgiadis, R.; Fisher, E. R.; Armentrout, P. B. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1989, 111, 4251‑4262.

 

81.     "Translational and Electronic Energy Dependence of the Reaction of Mn+ with Ethane" Georgiadis, R.; Armentrout, P. B. Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Processes 1989, 91, 123‑133.

 

82.     "The Chemistry of Atomic Transition Metal Ions: Insight into Fundamental Aspects of Organometallic Chemistry" Armentrout, P. B.; Beauchamp, J. L. Acc. Chem. Res. 1989, 22, 315‑321.

 

83.     "Investigation of Isomeric Intermediates: Co+‑NH3 and H‑Co+‑NH2" Clemmer, D. E.; Armentrout, P. B. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1989, 111, 8280‑8281. 

 

84.     "Guided Ion Beam Studies of the Reactions of Co+ and Ni+ with CH3X (X = Cl, Br, I).  Implications for the Metal‑Methyl Ion Bond Energies" Fisher, E. R.; Sunderlin, L. S.; Armentrout, P. B. J. Phys. Chem. 1989, 93, 7375‑7382.

 

85.     "Guided Ion Beam Studies of the Reactions of Fe+(6D, 4F) with CH3X (X = Cl, Br, I)" Fisher, E. R.; Schultz, R. H.; Armentrout, P. B. J. Phys. Chem. 1989, 93, 7382‑7387.

 

86.     "Oxidation Reactions at Variably‑Sized Transition Metal Centers:  Fen+ and Nbn+ + O2 (n = 1 ‑ 3)"  Loh, S. K.; Lian, L.; Armentrout, P. B. J. Chem. Phys. 1989, 91, 6148‑6163.

 

87.     "Thermochemistry of Ti+‑Hydrocarbon Bonds: Translational Energy Dependence of the Reactions of Ti+ with Ethane, Propane, and Trans‑2‑Butene" Sunderlin, L. S.; Armentrout, P. B. Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Processes 1989, 94, 149‑177. 

 

88.     "Intrinsic Transition Metal‑Carbon Double Bond Dissociation Energies: Periodic Trends in M+‑CH2 Bond Strengths" Armentrout, P. B.; Sunderlin, L. S.; Fisher, E. R. Inorg. Chem. 1989, 28, 4436‑4437.

 

89.     "Ion Beam Studies of the Reaction of Silicon Ion (2P) with Water (H2O, D2O)" Boo, B. H.; Armentrout, P. B. Chungnam J. Sci. 1989, 16, 121‑133.

 

90.     "Ammonia Activation by V+: Electronic and Translational Energy Dependence" Clemmer, D. E.; Sunderlin, L. S.; Armentrout, P. B. J. Phys. Chem. 1990, 94, 208‑217.

 

91.     "Dissociative Charge Transfer Reactions of Ar+, Ne+ and He+ with CF4 from Thermal to 50 eV" Fisher, E. R.; Weber, M. E.; Armentrout, P. B. J. Chem. Phys. 1990, 92, 2296‑2302.

 

92.     "Reactions of Co+, Ni+, and Cu+ with Cyclopropane and Ethylene Oxide:  Metal‑Methylidene Ion Bond Energies" Fisher, E. R.; Armentrout, P. B. J. Phys. Chem. 1990, 94, 1674‑1683; 1994, 98, 8260.

 

93.     "Ion Beam Studies of the Reaction of Si+(2P) with Methane.  Reaction Mechanisms and Thermochemistry of SiCHx+ (x=1‑3)."  Boo, B. H.; Elkind, J. L.; Armentrout, P. B. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1990, 112 2083‑2088. 

 

94.     "Temperature Dependence of the Reaction of O+ With HD" Sunderlin, L. S.; Armentrout, P. B. Chem. Phys. Lett. 1990, 167, 188‑192.

 

95.     "Ammonia Activation by Sc+ and Ti+: Electronic and Translational Energy Dependence" Clemmer, D. E.; Sunderlin, L. S.; Armentrout, P. B. J. Phys. Chem. 1990, 94, 3008‑3015.

 

96.     "Thermochemistry of C‑H and C‑C Bond Activation: Translational Energy Dependence of Reactions of Sc+ with Propane and 2‑Butenes" Sunderlin, L. S.; Armentrout, P. B. Organometallics 1990, 9, 1248‑1253.

 

97.     "Reactions of Mn+ with i‑C4H10, neo‑C5H12, (CH3)2CO, cyclo‑C3H6, and cyclo‑C2H4O: Bond Energies for Mn+‑CH2, Mn‑H, and Mn‑CH3" Sunderlin, L. S.; Armentrout, P. B. J. Phys. Chem. 1990, 94, 3589‑3597.

 

98.     "Multiphoton Ionization of Cobalt Atoms Produced by Multiphoton Dissociation of Co(CO)3NO and Co(CO)2(NO)PR3 (R = CH3, n‑C3H7, n‑C4H9)" Prinslow, D. A.; Niles, S.; Wight, C. A.; Armentrout, P. B. Chem. Phys. Lett. 1990, 168, 482‑488.

 

99.     "Heat of Formation of HO2.  A Direct Determination from Guided‑Ion Beam Studies of O2+(2Pg, v = 0) + CH4." Fisher, E. R.; Armentrout, P. B. J. Phys. Chem. 1990, 94, 4396‑4398.

 

100.   "Periodic Trends in Transition Metal Hydrogen, Carbon, and Nitrogen Bonds" Armentrout, P. B. ACS Symp. Ser. 1990, 428, 18‑33.

 

101.   "C‑H Bond Activation as the Initial Step in the Co+‑Mediated Demethanation of Propane:  The Critical Role of Angular Momentum at the Rate‑Limiting Transition State" van Koppen, P. A. M.; Brodbelt‑Lustig, J.; Bowers, M. T.; Dearden, D. V.; Beauchamp, J. L.; Fisher, E. R.; Armentrout, P. B. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1990, 112, 5663‑5665.

 

102.   "Periodic Trends in the Reactions of Atomic Ions with Molecular Hydrogen" Armentrout, P. B. Int. Rev. Phys. Chem. 1990, 9, 115‑148.

 

103.   "Reactions of Fourth‑Period Metal Ions (Ca+ ‑ Zn+) with O2: Metal‑Oxide Ion Bond Energies" Fisher, E. R.; Elkind, J. L.; Clemmer, D. E.; Georgiadis, R.; Loh, S. K.; Aristov, N.; Sunderlin, L. S.; Armentrout, P. B. J. Chem. Phys. 1990, 93, 2676‑2691. 

 

104.   "C‑H Bond Activation by Gas‑Phase Atomic Metal Ions" Armentrout, P. B. In Selective Hydrocarbon Activation: Principles and Progress, Davies, J. A.; Watson, P. L.; Liebman, J. F.; Greenberg, A., Eds.; VCH: New York, 1990; pp. 467‑533.

 

105.   "Effect of Internal Excitation on the Collision‑Induced Dissociation and Reactivity of Co2+" Hales, D. A.; Armentrout, P. B. J. Cluster Science 1990, 1, 127‑142.

 

106.   "Kinetic Energy Dependence of Dissociative Charge Transfer Reactions of He+, Ne+, Ar+, Kr+, and Xe+ with Silane" Fisher, E. R.; Armentrout, P. B.  J. Chem. Phys. 1990, 93, 4858‑4867. 

 

107.   "Electronic State‑Specific Transition Metal Ion Chemistry" Armentrout, P. B. Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem. 1990, 41, 313‑344.

 

108.   "Laser Multiphoton Ionization and Photoelectron Spectroscopy of Co(CO)3NO and Fe(CO)5" Niles, S.; Prinslow, D. A.; Wight, C. A.; Armentrout, P. B. J. Chem. Phys. 1990, 93, 6186‑6199.

 

109.   "Translational and Electronic Energy Dependence of S+ + H2(D2,HD) ® SH+(SD+) + H(D). Spin‑Allowed and Spin‑Forbidden Pathways" Stowe, G. F.; Schultz, R. H.; Wight, C. A.; Armentrout, P. B. Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Processes 1990, 100, 177‑195. 

 

110.   "The Appearance Energy of CF3+ from CF4: Ion‑Molecule Reactions Related to the Thermochemistry of CF3+" Fisher, E. R.; Armentrout, P. B. Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Processes 1990, 101, R1‑R6.

 

111.   "Collision‑Induced Dissociation of Nbn+ (n = 2‑11): Bond Energies and  Dissociation Pathways" Hales, D. A.; Lian, L.; Armentrout, P. B. Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Processes 1990, 102, 269‑301. 

 

112.   "Chemistry of Excited Electronic States" Armentrout, P. B. Science 1991, 251, 175‑179. 

 

113.   "Threshold Collisional Activation of Fe+·C3H8:  Probing the Potential Energy Surface" Schultz, R. H.; Armentrout, P. B. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1991, 113, 729‑730.

 

114.   "Guided Ion Beam Studies of the Ground State O2+(2Pg, v = 0) Reaction with CH4:  Effect of Internal vs Translational Energy" Fisher, E. R.; Armentrout, P. B. J. Chem. Phys. 1991, 94, 1150‑1157.

 

115.   "Kinetic Energy Dependence of the Reactions of C+(2P) + N2 from Threshold to 28 eV CM" Burley, J. D.; Sunderlin, L. S.; Armentrout, P. B. J. Chem. Phys. 1991, 94, 1939‑1946.

 

116.   "The Gas‑Phase Thermochemistry of FeH" Schultz, R. H.; Armentrout, P. B. J. Chem. Phys. 1991, 94, 2262‑2268.

 

117.   "Collision‑Induced Dissociation of CS2+.  Heat of Formation of the CS Radical" Prinslow, D. A.; Armentrout, P. B. J. Chem. Phys. 1991, 94, 3563‑3567. 

 

118.   "Transition Metal Ion Mediated C‑H and C‑C Bond Activation of Alkanes:  Dynamic Coupling Between Entrance and Exit Channel Transition States" van Koppen, P. A. M.; Brodbelt‑Lustig, J.; Bowers, M. T.; Dearden, D. V.; Beauchamp, J. L.; Fisher, E. R.; Armentrout, P. B. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1991, 113, 2359‑2369.

 

119.   "Ammonia Activation by Co+, Ni+, and Cu+.  M+‑NH2 Bond Energies and M+·NH3 Adduct Lifetimes" Clemmer, D. E.; Armentrout, P. B. J. Phys. Chem. 1991, 95, 3084‑3090.

 

120.   "The Charge Transfer Reaction N2+(X, v = 0) + Ar ® Ar+ + N2 from Thermal to 20 eV c.m." Schultz, R. H.; Armentrout, P. B. Chem. Phys. Lett. 1991, 179, 429‑434.

 

121.   "Translational and Internal Energy Effects in Reactions of O+ and O2+ with SiF4" Fisher, E. R.; Armentrout, P. B. Chem. Phys. Lett. 1991, 179, 435‑441.

 

122.   "The Bond Energy of Ni2+" Lian, L.; Su, C.‑X.; Armentrout, P. B. Chem. Phys. Lett. 1991, 180, 168‑172.

 

123.   "Reactions of O2+, Ar+, Ne+, and He+ with SiCl4:  Thermochemistry of SiClx+ (x = 1‑3)" Fisher, E. R.; Armentrout, P. B. J. Phys. Chem. 1991, 95, 4765‑4772.

 

124.   "Reactions of N4+ with Rare Gases from Thermal to 10 eV c.m.: Collision‑Induced Dissociation, Charge Transfer, and Ligand Exchange" Schultz, R. H.; Armentrout, P. B. Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Processes 1991, 107, 29‑48. 

 

125.   "Reactions of N2+ and N4+ with O2 from Thermal to 20 eV c.m." Schultz, R. H.; Armentrout, P. B. J. Chem. Phys. 1991, 95, 121‑129.

 

126.   "The Gas‑Phase Thermochemistry of TiH" Chen, Y.‑M.; Clemmer, D. E.; Armentrout, P. B. J. Chem. Phys. 1991, 95, 1228‑1233.

 

127.   "Kinetic Energy Dependence of the Reactions of O+ and O2+ with CF4 and C2F6" Fisher, E. R.; Armentrout, P. B. J. Phys. Chem. 1991, 95, 6118‑6124.

 

128.   "C‑H and C‑C Bond Activations by Silicon.  Thermochemistry and Mechanism of the Reaction of Si+(2P) with Ethane" Boo, B. H.; Armentrout, P. B. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1991, 113, 6401‑6408.

 

129.   "Reaction of Sc+, Ti+, and V+ with CO. MC+ and MO+ Bond Energies" Clemmer, D. E.; Elkind, J. L.; Aristov, N.; Armentrout, P. B. J. Chem. Phys. 1991, 95, 3387‑3393.

 

130.   "The Sequential Bond Energies of Fe(CO)x+ (x = 1 ‑ 5):  Systematic Effects on Collision‑Induced Dissociation Measurements" Schultz, R. H.; Crellin, K. C.; Armentrout, P. B. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1991, 113, 8590‑8601.

 

131.   "Reaction of Zn+ with NO2.  The Gas‑Phase Thermochemistry of ZnO" Clemmer, D. E.; Dalleska, N. F.; Armentrout, P. B. J. Chem. Phys. 1991, 95, 7263‑7268.

 

132.   "Gas Phase Organometallic Chemistry of Transition Metal Hydrides" Armentrout, P. B.; Sunderlin, L. S. In Transition Metal Hydrides; Dedieu, A., Ed.; VCH: New York, 1992; pp. 1‑64. 

 

133.   "Hydrogen Atom Transfer Reactions of N2+ with H2, HD, and D2 From Thermal to 10 eV c.m." Schultz, R. H.; Armentrout, P. B. J. Chem. Phys. 1992, 96, 1036‑1045. 

 

134.   "A Guided‑Ion Beam Study of the Reactions of N4+ with H2, HD, and D2:  An Evaluation of Pseudo‑Arrhenius Analyses of Ion‑molecule Reaction Systems" Schultz, R. H.; Armentrout, P. B. J. Chem. Phys. 1992, 96, 1046‑1052.

 

135.   "Threshold Collisional Activation of FeC2H6+: Fe+·ethane vs. Fe+·dimethyl Structures" Schultz, R. H.; Armentrout, P. B. J. Phys. Chem. 1992, 96, 1662‑1667. 

 

136.   "Thermochemistry and Structures of FeC3H6+:  Metallacycle and Metal‑Alkene Isomers" Schultz, R. H.; Armentrout, P. B. Organometallics 1992, 11, 828‑836. 

 

137.   "Gas‑Phase Thermochemistry of the Group 3 Dioxides:  ScO2, YO2 and LaO2" Clemmer, D. E.; Dalleska, N. F.; Armentrout, P. B. Chem. Phys. Lett. 1992, 190, 259‑265.

 

138.   "Activation of Alkanes by Cr+: Unique Reactivity of Ground State Cr+(6S) and Thermoc